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Effect of olive core and olive core ash on the growth of Helianthus annuus and soil quality

Kalavrouziotis I.K., Soultanopoulos A. and Varnavas S.P.

Paper Topic:

Environmental Sciences

Abstract

Field experiments were carried out using Helianthus annuus in an attempt to improve the quality of soil conditions by application of industrial waste. A range of quantities of olive core, olive core ash and a mixture of the two kinds of waste were applied. In all experimental fields the plants reached their maximum height on the 80th day of their growth. The application of olive core increased the plant height and decreased the soil pH, suggesting an increase in the nutrient element bioavailability. There was also evidence that olive core increased the soil microbe biomass. Furthermore, olive core woodash gave the dry biomass of Helianthus annuus a boost.

Chromium biosorption from aqueous environments by mucilaginous seeds of Cydonia oblonga: Thermodynamic, equilibrium and kinetic studies

Bazrafshan E., Sobhanikia M., Mostafapour F.K., Kamani H. and Balarak D.

Paper Topic:

Water and Wastewater Treatment

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Abstract

Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is one of the most toxic heavy metals in aqueous solutions, hence it is highly imperative to treat the wastewater containing Cr(VI) before its discharge. At present work, the rate of biosorption was studied under a variety of conditions, including initial Cr(VI) concentration (5-50 mg/L), amount of biosorbent (0.5-3 g/100 mL), pH (1-8), temperature (298-318 K) and contact time (30-120 min). Biosorption of Cr(VI) is in all cases pH-dependent showing a maximum at equilibrium pH values between 2 and 3. The biosorption data fitted well with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The biosorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir isotherm was q = 33.58 mg Cr(VI)/g of dry seeds (at 303 K). Biosorption kinetics data well fitted using pseudo-second-order. Thermodynamic studies confirmed that biosorption of Cr(VI) ions by mucilaginous seeds of Cydonia oblonga was spontaneous and endothermic nature.

Modelling the dispersion of benzene emissions from a proposed ethanol producing facility in Farewell-Oshawa of Toronto, Canada

Abdul–Wahab S.A., En S.C.F., Jaffeer H., Elkamel A., Yetilmezsoy K. and Ahmadi L.

Paper Topic:

Air Quality

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Abstract

The production and use of biofuels such as ethanol have been the target of intensive research. One source of ethanol is corn, which is abundant in many countries. In producing ethanol from corn, an assessment of the environmental impact of the process is needed. This study intends to provide insight into benzene emitted from a proposed biofuel plant, its dispersion behavior, and the effects it may have on the immediate environment. Three-season (January, April, and June) dispersion results of benzene emissions from the proposed ethanol-producing facility are evaluated by using the CALPUFF modelling system. Within the framework of the CALPro software, ambient benzene concentrations are modelled over a 24-hour period of exposure by considering the impact of pollutant transformation and removal, and meteorological factors such as wind direction and speed, and temperature. Simulations are performed for the plant area located in Farewell, Oshawa, Ontario, based on the emission and meteorological dataset for the year 2013. The modeling domain covers the area of 30 × 30 km2 with the grid spacing of 150 m. The number of grid lines is taken as 200 for each axis, and the dispersion of benzene emissions is simulated in nine vertical layers of the domain of study. Based on simulated one-hour and 24-hour average benzene concentrations, pollution dispersion results show that the maximum concentrations are recorded as 4.585 and 0.403 µg/m3 at 17h00 LST on hourly basis and on 24-hour basis, respectively, for the winter season. For the spring season, the highest concentrations are measured as 1.345 and 0.136 µg/m3 at 21h00 LST for one-hour and 24-hour periods, respectively. For the summer season, the peak benzene concentrations are found to be 1.085 and 0.277 µg/m3 at 01h00 LST. The results indicate that none of the months exceeds the half-hour limit of 7 µg/m3 set by Ontario Regulation 419/05, but they surpass the Ontario Regulation 419 Schedule 3 limit of 0.01 µg/m3 for a 24-hour dispersion period. This information may prove invaluable to further research on the impacts of the ethanol-production process on the environment.

EFFECTS OF DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT DISCHARGES INTO THE LAKE AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE DRINKING WATER IN PANDRAVEDU VILLAGE, TAMILNADU, INDIA

HEMAMALINI J., MUDGAL B V., SOPHIA J D.

Paper Topic:

Water Quality

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Abstract

Increasing demand for water from agriculture, industrial and domestic sectors, resulted in stress on the water resources both from quantity and quality perspectives. Due to urbanization many of the dyeing units have shifted from urban to nearby rural areas. Here safe disposal of untreated effluent from the dyeing units is a challenge and is often let into nearby water bodies. Pandravedu Lake, located in Thiruvallur district of Tamil Nadu, India is one such case were the present study is carried out. Water samples were collected from twelve locations during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, in pre-cleaned polyethylene cans and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters like pH, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, nitrate, chloride, fluoride and sulphate following the standard analytical procedures recommended by American Public Health Association (2005).The analytical results indicated that 40% to 70% of samples exceeded the drinking water quality standards prescribed by Bureau of Indian standards (BIS, 2012). Water quality index computed indicate that both the bore wells that supply drinking water to the village falls in very poor category (101 – 150) across three seasons. Correlation analysis indicated that seasonal changes in correlation among the parameters are linked to the fluctuations of wastewater discharge and its characteristics.

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Articles in Press

Effect of olive core and olive core ash on the growth of Helianthus annuus and soil quality

Chromium biosorption from aqueous environments by mucilaginous seeds of Cydonia oblonga: Thermodynamic, equilibrium and kinetic studies

Modelling the dispersion of benzene emissions from a proposed ethanol producing facility in Farewell-Oshawa of Toronto, Canada

EFFECTS OF DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT DISCHARGES INTO THE LAKE AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE DRINKING WATER IN PANDRAVEDU VILLAGE, TAMILNADU, INDIA

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