Articles in Press

Performances of Anoxic- Aerobic Membrane Bioreactors for The Treatment of Real Textile Wastewater

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DOI:

Paper Topic:

Water and Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Wastewater from textile industry is considered one of the major environmental challenges due to the large volume of highly colored, polluted and toxic effluent. This study investigated the treatability of real textile wastewater by pilot-scale anoxic-aerobic Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) system without sludge wasting for operation period of 100 days. The proposed system was investigated under different Internal Recycle (IR) ratios and the impact of IR ratio on Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Total Nitrogen (TN) and Color removals were examined. Under IR ratios between anoxic and aerobic tanks of 0.0, 0.5 and 2.0, the respective average removal efficiency of TN was 20.9%,53.4% and 71.7%, whereas average color removal of 81%, 85% and 88%, respectively was noted. The results indicated that increase of recycle ratio from 0.5 to 2.0 enhanced TN removal to about 71% and color removal to above 85%. The IR between anoxic and aerobic tanks has a significant role in TN and color removal due its effect on the development of bacterial communities. On the other hand, the results indicate over 93% TOC removal, which was independent of IR ratio.

Vermicomposting of grass and newspaper waste mixed with cow dung using Eisenia fetida: physicochemical changes

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.003151

Paper Topic:

Solid Waste Management

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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different types of organic wastes (grass and newspaper wastes, cow dung and their combination) on physicochemical properties during vermicomposting using Eisenia fetida. Three set-ups were conducted in which three experiments were for composting (controls) indicated as C1 for newspaper waste, C2 for grass waste and C3 for cattle dung and the corresponding replicates for vermicomposting processes for grass and cattle dung were T1 to T7 and mixed of newspaper, grass and cattle dung were T8-T13. A significant difference was detected among weight and number of Eisenia fetida in treatments, which the highest weight and population growth of worms occurred in T7 (60% of newspaper, 30% of cattle dung and 10% of grass waste). Compared to control treatment (without earthworms), vermicomposting treatment resulted in a decrease of organic carbon and C/N ratio after 30 days. Vermicomposting caused significant reduction in organic carbon (3.9-32.8% ) and C/N ratio (7.9–33.6%). The heavy metals degradation was evaluated after 90 days and at the end of the experiment the concentration of As, and Cd significantly decreased. This study clearly indicates that vermicomposting is a suitable technology for bioconversion of newspaper waste, grass clipping and cow dung to valuable material.

Indoor Air Quality Assessment and Health impact in context to Household conditions in Lucknow

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.003105

Paper Topic:

Air Quality

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Abstract

To assess the indoor air quality an investigation was conducted in Lucknow from November 2014 to October 2015. In total seven pollutants viz. SO2, NO2, CO2, CO, NH3, H2S, PM10 and PM2.5 were assessed in five urban and five rural houses. House selection was done after questionnaire survey with respiratory patients in two medical colleges. The average concentrations of PM10 (280 and 315 µg m-3) and PM2.5 (185 and 210 µg m-3) were highest in winter season. Excessive consumption of crude fuel to combat cold conditions was associated with high particulate concentrations in rural houses. Smoking was a common habit recognized indoors. Skin irritation was common during rainy season whereas complaints of cataract, cough and sneezing were prevalent in winters. Air quality index was calculated using three different methods and was poorest in winter season in rural houses particularly with values 716.1, 457.0 and 7.427 as calculated.

AN INTEGRATED MODEL OF SYSTEM DYNAMICS AND FUZZY COGNITIVE MAPPING APPROACH FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TURKEY

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.003041

Paper Topic:

Protection and restoration of the environment

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Abstract

Waste management is one of the most crucial part of the sustainability concept. In Turkey, waste management of the small household appliances under waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) category still remains as an issue to handle although its production is very large and long-established. The main reason is that many of the household appliances’ wastes are not properly treated in waste management process despite the fact that Turkey is a country which has recovery and collection targets. This outboard of wastes non-treated in an environmentally friendly way, such as recycling or reuse, gives rise to environmental damage. The aim of this paper is to integrate a system dynamics and fuzzy cognitive mapping model in order to evaluate and develop recovery options of small household appliances’ wastes which are not treated according to the regulations in Turkey. The first part of the proposed model is to build a system dynamics model by developing recovery options for small household appliances’ waste management while the second part is to evaluate the relations between supporting factors of recovery options by using Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping.

BIOSORPTION, ISOTHERM AND KINETIC PROPERTIES OF COMMON TEXTILE DYE BY PHORMIDIUM ANIMALE

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.002984

Paper Topic:

Water and Wastewater Treatment

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Abstract

In this study, the potential textile dye biosorption capacity of a low-cost biosorbent (P. animale) was tested as functions of pH, biosorbent type, initial dye concentration, temperature, contact time and biosorbent dosage at batch scale level. The optimal conditions are 2, dried biosorbent, 93.16 mg/L, 45 ◦C, 1440 minutes and 4 g/L for pH, biosorbent type, initial dye concentration, temperature, contact time and adsorbent dosage, respectively. Dried P. animale removed 99.66 % of Remazol Black B (RBB). The isotherm and kinetic models were analyzed for biosorption mechanism and characteristic. According to the results, Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic models were compatible with the experimental data obtained for RBB biosorption on algal biosorbent. Also FTIR and elemental analysis were done and resulted that the functional groups on the surface of algae had significant role in biosorption process. The results of this study supported that P. animale is an effective, inexpensive and eco-friendly biosorbent for treatment of textile dye wastewater.