Air Quality

The growing Urbanization, Industrialization, Institutional, and IT sector development contribute to the exponential growth of motorized road transportation increasing the composition of harmful gaseous pollutants in ambient air. So, it is necessary to analyze and quantify the concentration of...

Air pollution monitoring is becoming increasingly important, with an emphasis on the effects on human health. Because nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) are the principal pollutants, many models for forecasting their potential harm have been created. Nonetheless, making precise...

Recently, the environmental pollution is becoming a challenging issue due to the lacking of awareness about the importance of the environment and the growth of transportation facility and the various factories. The Internet of Things (IoT) technology is useful today for collecting and updating the...

A feasible alternative fuel for diesel engines in recent days is biodiesel, which can be produced from both edible and inedible feedstock. When considering the economic and environmental aspects, there is a considerable academic interest among researchers in the transesterification of non-edible...

From the last two decades, the amount of waste materials recycled into useable energy sources has grown in popularity due to the fast rise in energy demand caused by the world's population growth. In other words, the conversion of garbage into energy will undoubtedly become an essential topic in the...

Numerous alternative fuels such as biodiesel as well as alcohols have been commercialized in both the industrial and transportation sectors. Cottonseed oil and propanol piqued our curiosity in this context. Many researches has been conducted on a single cylinder four strokes diesel engine competent...

Because of its better physio-chemical qualities, biofuel is indeed a viable substitute source of energy for diesel vehicles. The biofuels used in this study is synthesized from pumpkin seed oil using the esterification reaction technique. The biodiesel was synthesized under ideal conditions and was...

This study analyses nighttime (7 p.m. to 6 a.m.) light pollution effects on ground-level ozone production in urban and sub-urban sites in Malaysia. In the absence of solar radiation, no photochemical reaction will occur during nighttime, resulting in zero readings of ground-level ozone (O3). O3 and...

In recent times, advanced technologies in transportation are developing like connected and automated vehicles and shared mobility services. A rapidly increasing number of vehicles in intelligent transportation system (ITS) and smart cities causes pollution and degrade the quality of air. Owing to...

Earth is consisting of land, air and water. Air contains oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, other gases are present above the permissible limit, and it creates effects on human health. It is one of the most important public health issues due to development of urbanization...

Rapid urbanisation, industrialization, and population growth have fostered an urgent need for a green, clean-living environment. Among the many pollutants, gaseous pollutants like NO2, SO2, and particle pollutants like PM 2.5 and PM 10 have a profound negative impact on human health. In this...

The level of air pollution increased in urban areas due to local atmospheric conditions and dispersion of various air pollutants. In this study, the air quality index was carried out in four places in the urban zone and investigated the seasonal variation of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and O3 over one...

For the past few decades, owing to human activities, urbanization, and industrialization, air pollution is becoming severe across several countries. Deep Learning (DL) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques had great contribution to the development of methods in various aspects of prediction, planning...

This research examines the scope for reducing the air pollution caused by the transportation sector through the infusion of biofuel and antioxidants ensuring the partial replacement of conventional fuel. A four-stroke, direct-injection, multi-cylinder and constant-speed diesel engine was employed...

Air quality, radiation pollution, and water pollution were thekey featuresthat possess genuine challenges to the environment. Proper monitoring wasneededin such a way that the world couldaccomplish sustainable development, withkeeping a healthy society. Recently, environment monitoring is become a...

Transportation driven by fossil fuels increases air pollution induced by urbanisation. Heavy metals such as Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), and Zinc (Zn) are life-threatening elements and their concentration is increasing alarmingly in soil in various countries. Air...

Diesel engines cause major pollutants such as hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). These emissions affect environmental systems and lead to global warming and climatic change effects. These pollutants also affect humans and lead to health problems like lung cancer...

Air is one of the most basic and important elements for human beings to survive. Clean and Sound air is the key to a good and healthy life. But nowadays in city life it has become the most threatening factor. Pollution of air has become the most concerning and affected issue now for us. As time goes...

Nowadays, due to the development of the world, harmful gases and vapours have begun to enter the atmosphere significantly, so we are faced with the problem of air pollution and its low quality. This paper, therefore, focused on enclosed car parks, a parking system that needs to be well examined from...

The Conversion of SO2 by Hydrogen Oxidation Branching Chain Reaction A.A. Arutyunyan Institute of Chemical Physics after A.B. Nalbandyan NAS of The Republic of Armenia, 5/2 Paruyr Sevak St., Yerevan 0014, Republic of Armenia E-mail: harhasmik@mail.ru The process of SО2 conversion in the hydrogen...

This study analyses seasonal and regular variations in ambient atmospheric concentrations of total gaseous mercury (TGM), ancillary air pollutant concentrations, and their relationship to weather conditions of a megacity environment in India. Further, to correlate with TGM concentrations at...

Numerical simulation was conducted to assess the impact of dust emission on typical environmental sites in Jinan City. The CALPUFF model was applied to five simulation scenarios. The results showed that dust emission had a significant impact on air quality in Jinan. The impact of dust emission on...

This study has been focused on the comparison of the application of Thermal Desorption (TD) and Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) methods for the identification and quantification of organic chemicals in house dust samples. To investigate how the results obtained by SFE and TD of house dust...

Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the surrounding area (BTHS) experiences the most serious PM2.5 pollution in China. To investigate PM2.5 pollution characteristics in regional heavy air pollution, forty-three events in BTHS during 2015–2018 were selected in this study. These regional events generally lasted...

A composite active layer was prepared by cage type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and was combined with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) porous support layer to form pervaporation (PV) membrane, which was used in the PV membrane separation of dimethyl carbonate...

Nowadays, the increase in population and industrial growth that generates lot of waste products which creates disposal problems and severe environmental hazards. The cement industry is one of the important sectors which liberates greenhouse gas such as carbon dioxide. The consumption of waste...

The temperature, feed rate, length of mass transfer zone, utilization factor and partial pressure are the parameters considered for fixed bed sorption of CO2 from N2/CO2 mixture. The breakthrough time relies strongly on the temperature and feed rate. The prolonged breakthrough and saturation times...

The aim of this study is to determine the shrub species which can be used as the biomonitor of air pollution originating mainly from the traffic and could provide the opportunity to increase the air quality in urban areas. To this end, Berberis thunbergii, Buxus sempervirens, Juniperus horizontalis...

The effect of restricted human activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Rabat city (Morocco) was studied, by analysing data of five criteria pollutants (NO, NO2, PM2.5, PM10, and O3) to highlight the effectiveness of restricted emissions on air quality. Overall, drastic reductions on NO (up to −94...

Air pollutant emissions and fuel consumption of vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines are highly susceptible to the conditions of engine operation. The purpose of this research was to investigate the correlation between the emissions of individual pollutants (carbon monoxide...

In the present study, the NO2 removal efficiency at concentrations of 3000 to 5000ppm was evaluated by nickel and platinum bimetallic catalyst supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Ni-Pt/MWCNT) along with water vapor at different space velocity and temperatures. Morphological and structural...

The problem of air pollution is one of the most important problems faced by the world in the context of large urban agglomerations. Numerous activities are being undertaken all over the world to both counteract existing pollution and prevent the emergence of another one. Manufacturing is one of the...

Sustainability in textiles is now a day’s key demand of consumers and traders, where the process with zero effluent emission or less emission has been considered for aim to utilize the ecofriendly process in direct dyeing of cotton to minimize effluent load. For this purpose, variable amount of...

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are toxic for the environment and human health and their tendency to readily volatilize in the atmosphere can lead to problems connected to odours annoyance. Conventional VOCs gaseous emissions treatments entail the application of chemical-physical processes, only...

According to the data from Luzhou environmental monitoring center from 2015 to 2018, the tendency of spatial-temporal and ion characteristics in precipitation have been analyzed in order to demonstrate the precipitation pollution status. Traditionally, the environment may become worse as the...

The identification of PM sources and their contribution to measured PM concentrations is crucial for the environmental policy making since the findings be able to conduce to the development of relevant legislation in order to achieve effective air quality manage. In this study, the sources of PM10...

Particulate matter (PM), classified according to aerodynamic diameter, is one of the harmful pollutants causing health damaging effects. It is considered as cancerogenic by the World Health Organization (WHO) because of the substances found in the chemical composition of PM. In this study, short...

Spatio-temporal methods have been developed for the estimation of concentrations of pollutants such as particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide for application in epidemiological studies. A limited number of city-specific spatio-temporal ozone (O3) models have been proposed until today. Our aim was...

To assess the indoor air quality an investigation was conducted in Lucknow from November 2014 to October 2015. In total seven pollutants viz. SO2, NO2, CO2, CO, NH3, H2S, PM10 and PM2.5 were assessed in five urban and five rural houses. House selection was done after questionnaire survey with...

The present study simulates the flow and temperature fields in a street canyon caused by solar heating of road and building surfaces, in either calm and weak wind conditions. Six scenarios, formed by changing the sources of heat fluxes, the wind speed (0, 1 and 3 m s^-1) and direction (±), are...

This paper analysis the contents and variation of heavy metals in wet and dry deposition in Changji (Xinjiang, China) revealed their reducing regularity for heavy metals in atmosphere in arid area. Samples (including 84 dry deposition samples and 16 wet deposition samples) were collected from...

Changji is an arid city in the north west of China which suffers from severe air pollution due to increasing vehicle use and heating with coal. Samples (TSP, PM10, PM5, PM2.5) were collected before and after several snow events, for revealing the snow scavenging effect and influencing mechanisms...

Over the last few decades, the evidence on the adverse effects on the health of air pollution has been raised. Mortality is the most important health effect of ambient air pollution. We studied the relation between mortality and criteria pollutant air in Tehran, one of the highly industrialized...

Particles with aerodynamic diameters 1 μm (PM1) damage human health more severely than do coarse particles. In this study, PM1 number concentration, traffic flow, temperature and relative humidity in both a residential underground garage and at the entrance/exit, wind velocity at the entrance/exit...

In this study, potential of neural network to estimate daily mean PM10 concentration levels in Sakarya city, Turkey as a case study was examined to achieve improved prediction ability. The level and distribution of air pollutants in a particular region is associated with changes in meteorological...

In Mega-cities, such as Istanbul, urbanization causes heavy traffic. Air pollution, which originated from heavy traffic and industrialization, is one of the most important problems for the people who live in the populated cities. Due to both environmental and health effects, particulate matter...

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions lead to negative environmental impacts and it is considered as an indicator for the larger group of gaseous sulfur oxides (SOx) in the air. In this paper, the dimethylamine (DMA) solution was used as the absorbent in a α-Al2O3 hollow fiber membrane contactor that is...

There is increasing concern about indoor air pollution worldwide due to its adverse health effects. One of the predominant indoor air pollutant groups is assumed to be volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including a variety of hydrocarbons with different functional groups. Among VOCs, some species...

In this study we investigate the impact of aerosols on different cloud regimes and amount of their precipitation over Tehran for the period of 2003-2014, utilizing data from Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and surface data from local...

The problem of reducing CO2 emissions from transport, a major contributor to the greenhouse effect, has become a growing concern for the scientific community and various international committees monitoring climate change. Energy savings in the transport sector are a key factor towards rational...

Photocatalytic abatement of o-xylene was investigated by immobilized ZnO on granular activated carbon (ZnO/GAC) under UV irradiation. Immobilization of ZnO increased the breakthrough time and removal capacity by 51 and 57%, respectively, in optimal conditions. The catalytic potential of the ZnO/GAC...

The production and use of biofuels such as ethanol have been the target of intensive research. One source of ethanol is corn, which is abundant in many countries. In producing ethanol from corn, an assessment of the environmental impact of the process is needed. This study intends to provide insight...

V 2O 5-WO 3/TiO 2 catalysts were fabricated by a simple impregnation method. Effects of V 2O 5 and WO 3 loadings on the catalytic performance of V 2O 5-WO 3/TiO 2 catalyst for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH 3 were investigated. Morphology and structure of the V 2O 5-WO 3/TiO 2...

Tabriz is a large and industrial city in the north west of Iran which suffers from severe air pollution due to being surrounded by mountains. Considering lack of official reports about the levels of heavy metals in Tabriz air, two zones of the city were selected for measurement of heavy metals in...

Air Quality Modeling is a method used to manage urban air quality. Various pollutant dispersion models are available, and each of these models is characterized by its own advantages and disadvantages. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the models and to determine their...

In this study current status of the ambient air quality in the main cities of the Pearl River Delta region was investigated. Two special administrative regions (Macau and Hong Kong) and three major cities of Guangdong (Guangzhou, Dongguan and Foshan) were selected for analysis according to their...

Epidemiological studies show that long-term exposure to PM is associated with an increased risk of cancer or cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The main objective of the present study was the assessment of health outcomes related to PM 10 (particulate matter (PM) of aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10...

This study aims to model the dispersion of two pollutants: nitrogen oxides (NO x) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2) from an onsite biogas fueled generator by using CALPUFF modeling system. CALPUFF is a non-steady state puff simulating software that takes into account, meteorological data, terrain data and...

The present study is carried out to explain the presence of large concentrations of SO 2 in atmosphere of Pakistan during June, 2011. Large volcanic eruptions are a major source of greenhouse and trace gases. The eruption of Mount Nabro in June, 2011 injected large amount of SO 2 into stratosphere...

Dust pollution is a major problem in opencast mines. Many activities are associated with generation of dust that makes a cloud of pollutant at the work environment and the surrounding areas. Activities as drilling, blasting, transportation, surface miner etc. are the principle sources of generation...

ISC-Aermod view dispersion model has been used to study the ground level concentration of hydrocarbon (HC). The purpose was to predict the air quality effects from off-grid diesel power generators operated by a textile factory in Lagos, Nigeria on its host airshed. Emissions from 22 point sources in...

Proper Hospital healthcare Waste Management (HCWM) is imperative for ensuring public health and environmental protection. In this context, three Prefectural hospitals of Mytilene, Agrinio, and Messolonghi, were studied with respect to planning and management of infectious wastes, cost, training of...

This paper studies the characteristics of the heat waves that were observed in Athens, Greece since 1951. A heat wave is detected when two temperature criteria are fulfilled at the city centre: the daily maximum temperature value is at least 37 oC and the daily average temperature value is at least...

In recent decades, there has been an increasing interest in the prognosis of maximum surface ozone concentrations due to the adverse effects on human health, animal population, agricultural productivity and forestry. The present study deals with the development and application of Artificial Neural...

The urban planning, the buildings and covering materials of all surfaces, the distance between adjacent constructions, the height and the orientation of the buildings are some of the factors which affect the sustainable conditions in the city. This paper presents a project that aims at investigating...

This paper analyzes the potential contribution of electric vehicles in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction over the next decade following a simulation procedure. Emissions were assessed through a stepwise methodological approach at the transportation link level in the Hamilton Census...

PM 2.5 samples were collected from the exhaust stacks on the roofs of a university canteen, a charcoal-grilled chicken restaurant and a wood-oven roasted piglet restaurant. The use of thick exhaust hood filters and also gas and electricity as energy sources for cooking in the kitchen of the...

The aim of this study was to compare particulate matter (PM) pollutants performed at three different enclosed parking garages (A, B and C) and two streets (1 and 2) in Belgium. Particle mass concentrations, number concentrations and their size distributions were measured in real time using an...

Atmospheric aerosols have been implicated in human health effects, visibility reduction in urban and regional areas, acidic deposition, and altering the earth’s radiation balance. A major goal of scientific research for the last fifteen years has been the development of the necessary models, using...