In catchment hydrology, it is in practice impossible to measure everything we would like to know about the hydrological system, mainly due to high catchment heterogeneity and the limitations of measurement techniques. These limitations and the need to extrapolate information from the available...

The Great Lakes form an important freshwater drinking source for many urban areas surrounding the Lakes but also provide a sink for pollutants and runoff. Consequently introducing new drinking water intakes into any of these water bodies requires investigation into local pollutant sources and their...

Calibration of rainfall-runoff models is made complicated by uncertainties in data, and by the arbitrary emphasis placed on various magnitudes of the model residuals by most traditional measures of fit. Current research highlights the importance of driving model identification by assimilating...

The subject of this article is the estimation of quantitative (hydrological) and qualitative parameters in the catchment of Ronnea (1800 Km2, located in south western Sweden) through the application of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). SWAT is a river basin model that was developed for the...

In the present work the physically based distributed rainfall–runoff modeling system, MIKE SHE, is used to simulate the surface runoff at a semi-mountainous impermeable area of Tavronitis River basin in Crete-Greece. The objective of this surface flow model is to develop an appropriate irrigation...

A simple model is presented for the dynamic calculation of the sludge blanket height and concentrations of suspended solids (diluted, sludge blanket and return sludge) in circular secondary settling tanks. The model combines a mass balance equation with three empirical equations, which account for...

The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of land use change on runoff in Chenar Rahdar watershed. Land use map of the studied basin was determined using Landsat satellite imagery for 2004 and 2015 using ENVI software. After applying the necessary corrections to the images and...

The present study analyses the various uncertainties and nonstationarity in the streamflow projections of Subarnarekha river basin in Eastern India using two widely used hydrological climate models: 1) general circulation model (GCM), and 2) forcing climate change scenarios. These two climate models...

Two hydrological climate modelling techniques, general circulation model (GCM) and hypothetical climate change scenarios, were used to analyse the hydrological response to the anticipated climate change scenarios in the Subarnarekha river basin in Eastern India. Both models verified individually for...

Detailed meteorological data required for the equation of FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (P-M) method that was adopted by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) as a standard method in estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETo) are not often available, especially in developing countries. The Hargreaves...

Currently flood warning in the catchment of the River Cam in Cambridgeshire relies on the issuing of alerts when the river level at the monitoring station at Byron's Pool, just upstream of Cambridge, reaches certain pre-determined levels. Warnings are shown to be fairly accurate, but there is very...

A mathematical model is presented, consisting of a two-layer, finite difference hydrodynamic submodel and a compartmental water quality sub-model. The model is calibrated with field data. Then, it is applied to Southern Evoikos Gulf, an open coastal water body of particular ecological significance...

This paper investigates the hydrological effects of specific land use changes in a catchment of the river Pinios in Thessaly (Ali Efenti catchment), through the application of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) on a monthly time step. The model's calibration efficiency is verified by...

The aim of this work was the application and evaluation of a mathematical model for the simulation of anaerobic hydrolysis and acid production processes. For the description of the processes involved, the Anaerobic Digestion Model ADM1 was employed. The ADM1 implementation in prefermenters is...

Because the traditional remote sensing image monitoring method has the problem of poor ability of capturing vegetation destruction, an ecological remote sensing image method for vegetation destruction in waterfront greenway based on genetic algorithm is proposed. The vegetation index data of...

Two different methodologies for hydraulic head simulation were compared in this study. The first methodology is a classic numerical groundwater flow simulation model, Princeton Transport Code (PTC), while the second one is a black-box approach that uses Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Both...

Two greenhouse pot experiments were conducted in Agrinion, Greece. The impact of treated municipal wastewater (TMWW) and sludge (i) on the growth of Lactuca sativa L. var Longifolia (lettuce) and (ii) on the extent of soil pollution with heavy metals was studied. Soil pollution was assessed by...

Abstract Spatial and temporal variation of fine particulate pollution in a complex small coastal city, Macau, was investigated by using a mobile air quality monitoring platform. Real-time street level measurements of aerosol size distribution were carried out three times per day by using an on-board...

Hydrological monitoring in urban regions is crucial to analyze hydrology and manage floods. Nevertheless, monitoring flood overflow in urban areas including the degree of flood overflow is frequently insufficient. Hydrological models' ability to provide early flood warnings is limited by this...

In the present paper, the authors present a new hybrid optimization technique toward optimum reservoir planning and operation. The basis of the developed hybrid algorithms is the combination of harmony search (HS) and incremental dynamic programming (IDP). This resulted in the development of a new...

In the urban area, surface runoff can be utilized effectively to improve groundwater table through rainwater harvesting. The main aims of this study were to:1) investigate the potential of the surface runoff to inject into Urmia aquifer and increase groundwater recharge of this aquifer using SWMM -...

The traditional approach to urban water management is primarily based on a supply-oriented approach, where water follows a one-way path from supply to a single use, treatment and then discharged to the environment. The wide acknowledgement of the need to shift towards more sustainable practices has...

Hydrological modeling of a watershed is necessary for water resources planning and management. The hydrology of upper Ribb watershed has been analyzed using spatially semi-distributed Soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model. This study aimed to determine the water balance components and its...