Aiming at the problems existing in the traditional monitoring system for logistics protection and transportation of solid waste, the optimization design of logistics protection and transportation monitoring system is realized by using big data analysis technology from two aspects of hardware and software. In terms of hardware, the basic structure of the system server, internal components and connection circuit are modified, and the on-board weighing device is installed on the logistics transport vehicle. On the basis of the completion of hardware system installation, the interface of the system is designed and the database is built. The monitoring function of the system is realized through linking communication links, locating vehicle transportation location, real-time monitoring of transportation process, automatic weighing and abnormal alarm of logistics protection, so as to complete the optimization design of the software system. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional system, the response speed of the designed monitoring system for logistics protection and transportation increases by 67.6%.