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The problem of air pollution is one of the most important problems faced by the world in the context of large urban agglomerations. Numerous activities are being undertaken all over the world to both counteract existing pollution and prevent the emergence of another one. Manufacturing is one of the activities that have a significant negative impact on the natural environment. Starting from the production itself, through the life of vehicles, and ending with the problems of storage and recycling of used means of transport, at every stage there are negative effects on the environment. There is no doubt that in all types of pro-ecological activities, it may be extremely important to predict the future state based on various determinants occurring in the analysed or preceding period of time. To this end, various types of mathematical and statistical tools are being used. Recently, you can also notice interest in all types of methods aided by artificial intelligence. Such methods include artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, or evolutionary algorithms. The article presents the problems of environmental pollution as a result of the development of motorization. The main components of exhaust gases from car engines are discussed, which are particularly harmful to the natural environment. Methods for reducing the emission of pollutants emitted from internal combustion engines are described, and the monitoring of hazards related to air pollution is discussed. The possibilities of using artificial neural networks as a tool for modelling the state of air pollution have also been discussed.

In the present study, the NO2 removal efficiency at concentrations of 3000 to 5000ppm was evaluated by nickel and platinum bimetallic catalyst supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Ni-Pt/MWCNT) along with water vapor at different space velocity and temperatures. Morphological and structural characteristics, material formation phases and catalyst regeneration were investigated by FE-SEM, XRD and TPR tests, respectively. The results showed that increasing the weight percentage of platinum at Ni-Pt/MWCNT catalyst improved the removal efficiency at low temperature. The catalyst 25%W.Ni-3%W.Pt/MWCNT provided 92% removal efficiency at the temperature of 300℃, space velocity of 25000/hr and concentration of 3000 ppm, while,the 15%W.Ni-5%W.Pt/MWCNT represented highest removal efficiency (70%) at the temperature of 150℃. The removal efficiency of Ni-Pt/MWCNT catalyst is affected by the weight percentage of nickel and platinum, as well as the NO2 concentration at various temperatures. The results suggest that H_2 O can be used as a reducing agent to reduce 〖NO〗_2 by produced〖 H〗^+. The 25%W.Ni-3%W.Pt/MWCNT catalyst removal efficiency at the vicinity of water vapor and concentration of 3000 ppm 〖NO〗_2 , unchanged stability over the period of 100 minute.

The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of land use change on runoff in Chenar Rahdar watershed. Land use map of the studied basin was determined using Landsat satellite imagery for 2004 and 2015 using ENVI software. After applying the necessary corrections to the images and field surveys to take the educational points, supervised classification technique and maximum probability algorithm were applied to mapping land use change in the study area. According to results, 6 classes of land use were investigated (bare land, rain fed land, forest land, water agriculture land, rangelands and urban lands). In this study, 21 model parameters were calibrated with monthly runoff using 2004-2012 data and validated using 2012-2015 data. The efficiency coefficient for calibration and validation were between 0.88 and 0.94, respectively. The land use changes trend within the time interval showed that the highest percentage of incremental changes is related to urban lands with 108.45%, whereas, the highest decline was observed for agricultural land with 12.46%. In order to investigate the effect of land use change on surface runoff, different land use maps were applied to SWAT model, supposing constant condition for other parameters of the model. The results show that surface runoff increased by 11%, in 2015 compared to 2004. Comprehensive water management can reduce surface runoff in the watershed. The results showed that if all uncertainties were minimized, the calibrated SWAT model can give acceptable runoff simulation results regarding the land use change. These results can be useful for water and environmental resource managers.

Two identical four air-cathode single chamber membrane-less microbial fuel cells were stacked and tested under in series and in parallel electrical configurations. Fermentable household waste extract (FORBI; 0.8 g COD/L) was used as substrate, in all cases. Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV) was carried out for the construction of polarization curves which revealed that the highest power ouput (3.88 mW) was obtained under parallel connection as in series connection was found lower due to voltage drop phenomena. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy measurements (EIS) gave an insight in the electrochemical processes occurring within the stack under both electrical connections. The contribution of the individual resistances to the overall internal resistance was defined, designating the significant role of the solution resistance (Rs) and the charge transfer resistance (RCT) under closed circuit conditions.