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The article involves in the process of study on novel plant fiber from agave plant species known as agave decipiens. The fiber was mechanically extracted from their leaves and fiber was chemically treated using sodium hydroxide by 5% (w/v). Using various analyses, the fiber was characterized and its properties were obtained. From chemical constituent analysis it was confirmed that hemicellulose, amorphous lignin, and other impurities were removed to some extent, and using x-ray diffraction (XRD), an improvement in crystallinity index was observed (i.e. from 47.99% to 52.29%). Increased crystallinity provides better tensile stress from 479.302 MPa to 494.172 MPa, which was confirmed by single fiber tensile test. A change in physical diameter was observed using a digital microscope, the outer diameter was reduced to 117.66µm from 121.84µm. Change in chemical components was identified by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Alkaline-treated (AT) fiber sustains a temperature of about 240oC during thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Study on surface morphology was conducted with help of scanning electron microscope (SEM). Concluding that alkaline treatment made some impact on fiber characteristics and made it suitable for reinforcement.

Clean water and its requirement are one of the emerging needs in recent days. Water pollution creates more amount of toxic nature to the clean water and it increases the accumulation of poisonous contaminants in the water sources. Heavy metal ions are the type of toxic pollutant released from textile industrial effluent, changes the natural color of clean water. In this study, Adsorption behavior with activated biochar Gracilaria Edulis as adsorbent was investigated under batch mode for removing detecting elevated levels of metallic cations in aqueous solutions. The biochar adsorbent was prepared with chemical synthesis process and their surface area analyzed using N2 adsorption process. The presence of targeted heavy metal ions was confirmed using SEM and EDX analysis. The maximum adsorption efficiency of 99.9% of Cr, 97.37% of Ni and 92.73% of Zn heavy metal ions was achieved using the biochar adsorbent. The endothermic reaction in between adsorbent and adsorbent was confirmed using the thermodynamic studies and maximum amount of spent adsorbent was recovered by using desorption process by adding strong hydrochloric acid with 0.3 N.

Water waste management is one of the major hassles which is faced by the majority of industries. The industries let the wastewater into flowing streams or rivers near them, polluting the water resources in that locality. To prevent and safeguard the water resources, the government has given much regulation on the quality of the water before it is drained into the water sources. One of the primary problems is the amount of pH which is present in the wastewater. The pH is a highly non-linear quality of the liquids, as a single drop may change the quality to either acidic or alkaline. In this paper, the different proposed methods were used for maintaining the pH of wastewater by using various intelligent controllers. The Nonlinear Autoregressive with External Controller (NARX) and Nonlinear Autoregressive (NAR) under deep neural network is proposed where the NARX model is synthesized based on two different algorithms which involve the Levenberg Marquardt (LM) and Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG) for maintaining pH. The controllers are implemented into the process tank of the pilot plant for the determination and neutralization of the pH. The pilot plant is interfaced MATLAB R2019b with the computer as a controller where the controller action for the neutralization is processed. The proposed NAR model did produce better results than the other models, whose settling times were 8.6 seconds and 0.5% overshoot. The NAR model has better results when compared with the other two neural models.

Earth is consisting of land, air and water. Air contains oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, other gases are present above the permissible limit, and it creates effects on human health. It is one of the most important public health issues due to development of urbanization, industrialization and globalization in large cities. Air pollution levels in developed countries have been increased in recent years. In developing countries air pollution levels are still high. In recent years, the health studies have become visible showing harmful health effects in lungs and respirable system. Air pollution is responsible for 7million deaths annually. It affects the health of humans and other living beings in our world. The government has developed the guidelines for air quality and rule to restrict emissions in effort to control air pollution. These updated AQGs provide exact guidelines for PM 10 and pm 2.5. The primary objective of this paper is to study the ambient air quality and its impact on lungs. Particulate matters are the particles suspended in air/atmosphere. Mainly PM10and PM 2.5Ultra fine particles (<1µm) are mainly responsible for causing interruption for human health.PM10 and PM2.5 are characterized by their presence only within the upper respiratory tract. Some PM 2.5 and Ultra fine particles are characterized by their presence deeper regions of alveoli. Ultrafine particles (PM0.1), which are present in the air in large numbers, pose a health risk. They generally enter the body through the lungs but translocation to essential organs. Compared to fine particles (PM2.5) ,they cause more pulmonary inflammation and are retained longer in the lung. Their toxicity is increased with smaller size, larger surface area, adsorbed surface material, and the physical characteristics of the particles. Exposure to PM0.1 induces cough and worsens asthma. Metal fume fever is a systemic disease of lung inflammation most likely caused by PM0.1. The disease is manifested by systemic symptoms hours after severe exposure to PM0.1 could cause systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and coagulation changes that predispose individuals to cardiovascular disease and hypertension.