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Á mathematical model is applied to calculate the water circulation in the marina of Latsi in Cyprus.
The flow field in the marina shows the general behavior of coastal, wind driven flows, being strongly
influenced by the characteristics of the entrance of the marina. The small dimension and the location
of the entrance do not permit the inflow or outflow of significant flow rates, thus resulting to long flushing
times. The use of two openings has been investigated. Computations show that the first opening
plays a very important role, while the effect of the second opening is only of local and minor importance.
This behavior is due to the orientation and the position of these openings with respect to the
entrance. The use of the first opening results to a significant increase of the flow-rate passing through
the inner part of the marina, which increases the magnitude of the velocities and reduce the flushing
times. The use of the second opening leads to a significant short-circuiting path of the flow between the
opening and the entrance. The first opening has been proposed for construction.

Laboratory column tests were conducted to study the efficiency of lignite fly ash barriers in removing
heavy metal ions, such as Fe, Zn, Mn, Ni, Cd, Co, Al and Cu, present in high concentrations in acidic
leachates produced in mining and waste disposal sites. The experimental configuration comprised two
40 cm long plexiglas continuous flow columns installed in series. An upward flow of synthetic acidic
solutions spiked with high concentrations of contaminants was maintained in order to simulate field
flow rates and residence times. Sampling ports fitted along the column walls allowed sampling and provided
information on geochemical mechanisms within the barrier and contaminant degradation rates
in the presence of the reactive material.
The geochemical speciation/mass transfer computer code PHREEQC and the MINTEQ database
were used for geochemical modeling of the process.
The experimental results underline the potential of lignite fly ash permeable reactive barriers to
remove almost completely, over a long period, high loads of inorganic contaminants from very acidic
leachates. The main mechanisms involved in contaminants removal are adsorption at the surface of fly
ash and the produced hydrous iron oxides, precipitation and co-precipitation. The toxicity of the reactive
material at the end of the treatment period, regarding all heavy metals studied, is limited.

A Web-node has been created in order to address the specific needs of the small and medium enterprises
(SMEs) of three important economic areas in the Mediterranean region, the food, textile and
hotel sectors. The node provides important information on the market structure in the relevant sectors,
environmental technology issues and legislation, as well as Diagnostic Tools allowing the selfevaluation
and benchmarking of SME's environmental performance.
Environmental performance is evaluated on the basis of the business operational data. A limited set
of environmental indicators is being calculated, and performance is compared to that of its business
competitors, as well as to international standards and "Best Available Techniques".
The diagnosis procedure identifies potential environmental problems in the daily operation of the
companies. The system suggests actions of minor and/or greater cost which could improve environmental
performance and calculates the potential benefit from the decrease of the operational cost.
The overall objective is to assist SMEs in increasing their competitiveness and thereby their position
in the market.

Sixteen permanent sample plots of one hectare each, established in 1985 at Abeku sector of Omo
Forest Reserve, South west Nigeria by the European Economic Community/ Nigeria Federal
Government (High Forest Monitoring Plots Project) (EEC/HFMPP) were used for this study. The plots
were re-enumerated in 1987. Further assessment took place in 1997 and 2000 respectively for the
purpose of assessing the floristic characteristics of the plots. The present study aims at assessing the
floristic composition during the sampling years. Out of the original 16 plots only eleven and nine plots
were available for assessment in 1997 and 2000 respectively. The remaining plots had been converted
to plantations of arable and cash crops. The numbers of tree species encountered were 98, 109, 95 and
71 for 1985, 1987, 1997 and 2000 enumerations respectively. Also 28,31, 29 and 23 families were
encountered in 1985, 1987, 1997 and 2000 respectively. In terms of density, basal area and spread, the
ten most abundant species are Diospyros iturensis (Plant nomenclature follows Hutchinson and
Dalziel (1954-72); Keay (1989) and Lowe and Soladoye (1990)), (DIAL),Tabernaemontana
pachysiphon (TAPA), Octolobus angustatus (OLAN), Strombosia pustulata (SBPU), Diospyros dendo
(DIDE), Diospyros suaveolens (DISU), Drypetes gossweileri (DRGO), Rothmania hispida (ROHI),
Hunteria unbellata (HUUM) and Anthonotha aubryanum (ASAU) and the six most prominent families
are Ebenaceae, Apocynaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Sterculiaceae, Olacaceae and Rubiaceae .Mean
number of stems per hectare ranges from 400.44 to 1134.0 for the small trees (5-20cm dbh); 89.78 to
174.25 for the medium trees (20-40cm dbh) and 8.33 to 17.06 for the large trees (> 40cm dbh) Mean
basal area per hectare ranges from 4.94m2 to 8.81m2 for the small trees, 5.4m2 to 9.63m2 for the
medium trees and 4.64m2 to 9.04m2 for the large trees.
Inverse of Simpson diversity indices range between 15.1 to 16.27 for the small tree, 13.43 to 16.37 for
the medium trees and 23.44 to 26.34 for the large trees. The highest mean values per hectare of these
parameters were found in 1987 enumeration, while the least values were found in the year 2000
enumeration. This variability may not be due only to the number of plots available for enumeration
alone, but also as a result of poaching in the remaining plots before the 2000 enumeration. The study
recommends that conscious efforts should be made to protect and maintained the permanent sample
plots not only to reduce the possibility of encroachment but also to achieve the objective for which
they were established which was to elucidate the dynamics and growth pattern of the natural
rainforest. There is also a need for international assistance to achieve this.