Sewer systems may often operate as bioreactors causing considerable wastewater quality changes and in some cases reducing the pollution load conveyed to the treatment plant. Conceptually, transformation of organic matter takes place both in the bulk water (by suspended micro-organisms) and by the...

Kinetics for the biological processes of nitrification, denitrification and carbon oxidation were studied in the aerobic and anoxic phases of a pilot scale Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) plant treating municipal wastewater. The configuration of the treating system is based on the combination of...

The transport of volatile organic contaminant (VOC) mixtures in the unsaturated zone is typically controlled by a combination of transport (i.e., advection, dispersion, and diffusion) phenomena, phase change (i.e., volatilization, dissolution) and reaction processes (i.e., sorption, biodegradation)...

The goal of this paper is an investigation into the influence of disinfection with ozone, chlorine (Cl2) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) on the aldehydes formation. Three types of waters were treated with different doses of these disinfectants. The results obtained indicate that the level of carbonyls...

(NMEA) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) are highly mutagenic compounds that are suspected of carcinogenic activity to the human body. The aim of the paper is the evaluation of the possibility of N-nitrosomethylethylamine and N-nitrosodiethylamine formation as a result of the reaction of...

The Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) is the method most commonly used for the assessment of the costs and effectiveness of alternative policy options on the environment. The objective of this paper is to describe the priority of the policy area “coastal water pollution control from land uses, in...

The process of nitrification in wastewater treatment is widely accepted as a two-step process. In the first step the ammonia is oxidized to nitrite, a process considered to be carried out mainly by the Nitrosomonas sp., while in the second step the Nitrobacter sp. oxidizes the nitrite to nitrate...

Successful start-up of a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is a key issue for the succeeding operation of WWTP on the one hand and the nutritious phosphorus removal is of great concern on the other. After the construction of Mudanjiang WWTP with a flow rate of 100,000 m3 d-1 in...

The Plastiras dam was constructed in the late 1950s mainly for electric power production, but it has also partially covered irrigation needs and water supply of the plain of Thessaly. Later, the site has been designated as an environment conservation zone because of ecological and landscape values...

The two basic forms of multi-scale data assimilation procedures (FDDA), based on Newtonian relaxation, of analysis and observations nudging have been applied for precipitation event period occurred over Portugal during summer season, using the Fifth Generation Mesoscale Model (MM5) developed and...

The subject of this article is the estimation of quantitative (hydrological) and qualitative parameters in the catchment of Ronnea (1800 Km2, located in south western Sweden) through the application of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). SWAT is a river basin model that was developed for the...

In order to evaluate how current speed, salinity and water temperature stratification behaves under the influence of a freshwater source in a tidal domain, a 25 hour survey campaign was performed in the upper sector of the Vouga River estuary, the major source of freshwater of Ria de Aveiro, a...

Organophoshorous pesticides are widely used in agriculture, because most of them are high effective and low persistent. Yet their increased usage has elicited extensive research into pesticide effects on non-target organisms, such as algae. Algae are of vital importance in the primary production of...

The assessment of the applicability and suitability of potential measures and instruments is crucial in the strategic planning of water resources management. This paper presents a methodology founded on scenario analysis for assessing potentially applicable water management options in a regional...

This paper presents a step-by-step methodological approach for the development and evaluation of strategies for water deficient regions. The primary focus of the approach followed was the mitigation of water stress, while applying the principles of Integrated Water Resources Management and the EU...

In coastal marine environments, with shallow, warm and calm waters, it is sometimes possible to observe the presence of organosedimentary structures that are commonly flat and laminar in shape. These structures are called algal mats or recent stromatolites due to their remarkable similarities to...

Pollution of the environment with uranium and associated health effects to human have recently become of major concern, particularly due to the use of depleted uranium in armourbreaking bullets. Indeed, uranium in environmentally significant concentrations is found near to uranium mining and...

Major environmental problems in metallic mining areas come from the hazard of metal pollution of surrounding areas. Therefore, an appropriated management of these soils is necessary for minimizing the associated risks. Some properties of mining soils, such as elevated metal concentrations, pH and...

The present study investigated tertiary physico-chemical treatment of the secondary effluent from the Chania municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP). Laboratory experiments were carried out with the aim of studying coagulation efficiency regarding reduction of turbidity, soluble COD and...

The direct assessment of denitrification suffers from a number of problems. A mass balance model is simple and widely accepted to calculate nitrogen (N) loss as a denitrification component. The objective of study was to estimate the potential N loss a denitrification from a tropical paddy in the...

A crucial aspect in environmental sciences is related to the transportation, accumulation and fate of solid organic particles not native to the sediments. In this study we present the petrographical features of seven sediment samples obtained from aquatic environments in Sweden, Finland and The...

Undoubtedly, sun is the cleanest energy source. Specific systems are needed however for the collection and transformation of solar energy and the manufacturing processes of such systems, as well as the production of the raw materials required, are associated with impacts to the environment. As a...

In the present study, the spatial and temporal surface air temperature variability for the Northern Hemisphere has been examined, for the period 1900-1996. Factor Analysis has been applied to 5o Latitude x 10o Longitude grid box data covering the area from almost the equator to 70o N. These data are...

This paper investigates the physical and chemical transformation of metallic lead (Pb) in Ft. Irwin firing range soils. Soil samples were collected from berms of two small arms firing ranges, an active one and an abandoned one, located in the Mojave desert. Pb bullet fragments found in field samples...

An investigation was carried out in Olokemeji Forest Reserve (Nigeria) to examine the impact of farming activities on the vegetation of the reserve. The 5,888 hectare forest reserve was divided into three zones for the purpose of this study. They are natural forest (zone 1), plantation (zone 2) and...