Adsorption of Carotenoids, Chloride, and Sulfate from Annatto Dye Agro-Industrial Effluent
Water and Wastewater Treatment
Natural dyes, such as annatto, are widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. However, the effluents from annatto dye production pose environmental challenges due to the presence of residual dye components, organic matter, and dissolved inorganic species (chloride and sulfate). This...