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The Maluku Islands (henceforth MI) are situated in the northeastern Indonesia. Ocean region off the central MI is pivotal as it provides a course for the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) through the Lifamatola passage. However, sea surface dynamics off the central MI is unknown until recently due to inadequate measurements. The current fact motivates the present study to decipher the coastal wind variability off the central MI and its effect on the sea surface by analysing long-term datasets (2007-2019) of satellite-derived sea surface wind, sea surface temperature (SST), and surface chlorophyll-a concentration. Possible influence of extreme climate events of the 2015 El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the 2019 Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on all oceanographic parameters was also examined. Results show that the prevailing southeasterly winds over the central MI induce SST cooling and phytoplankton bloom. Correlation analysis revealed that the ENSO and IOD play significant roles in defining spatial distribution of the coastal wind, SST, and phytoplankton bloom in the research area. In addition, the anomaly analysis exhibits distinct oceanographic features during the climate extreme events of 2015 and 2019. Collectively, results of the present research highlight the importance of coastal wind variability and extreme events in shaping the ocean surface characteristics and perhaps regional fisheries production.

Trees in the forest are an unprecedented cluster of organisms in ecological, monetary and social importance. With a wide distribution, mostly random spread over and a large population in terms of size, the majority of tree species show considerable variation in genetics both within and between populations. The genus Phytophthora, is a most destructive plant pathogen and attacks a wide range of tree hosts, including inexpensively its significant species. Many species of Phytophthora are known to be persistent and brought in through nurseries and commercial agriculture. Diseases from various eucalyptus tree species were first reported in India and the symptoms, incidence and leaf damage have been described. As an observation of a larger project to use genomic data for tree disease diagnosis, pathogen detection and surveillance, in this study the significant analysis of various DNA sequences of P.meadii 2 on eucalyptus tree species in Indian Forests. The identified outcomes observed that the high frequency of nucleotides and their combinations found in the organisms in trees threatening their lives may be observed and has to be condensed

This research focuses on hydrothermal gasification (HTG) and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) studies to produce bio-hydrogen from domestic mixed waste. HTG and HTL studies were studied at temperatures of 300–450°C and 300–400°C, correspondingly, with a catalyst level of 6 wt %. The sol-gel technique was used to make the Bentonite/Nb-TiO2 catalyst. For a solvent-waste proportion of 14 millilitre/gram, an C2H5OH - water proportions of 2:2, and a period of one-hour, maximum H2 output from HTL was 30 wt % (catalyst loads: 4 wt %) and HTG was 40 wt % (catalyst loads: 5 wt %). As C2H5OH acts as half-solvent and ideal solvent to bio-mass capacity it shot up H2 result in the HTG procedure by methanation, gas water shift and improving responses in the organization. The second output of the HTL procedure was bio-oil, which yielded 35 wt % with O/C as well as H/C standards of 1.2 and 1.0, respectively, and an HHV of 42 Mega Joule/kilogram. In the HTL system, mechanistic procedures such depolymerization, hydration, reduction, and hydrolysis generated in a larger proportion of gaseous product. Thermal and the solvent-to-waste proportion is the ideal factors in the H2 synthesis procedure, according to experimental analysis. Energy nexuses from domestic mixed trash are taken over in this research.

The research work's main objective is to correctly examine and find out the proper hydro-geochemistry of groundwater during the dry and wet seasons and hence evaluate it’s quality in India, Tamil Nadu state's Thirukkazhukundram Block. Data from two seasons-the "Pre-monsoon" in August 2016 and the "Post- monsoon" in February 2017-have just been used to do subjective assessments of the chemical composition of the underground water. The results of a thorough geochemical investigation of the subsurface zone are given. Gibbs emphasizes that the majority of samples in both seasons are dominated by evaporation and weathering mechanism sector. The majority of the sample's mixed water type is interpreted hydro-chemically in accordance with Piper's classification. According to the Wilcox diagram, the majority of PRM and POM samples fall into the group of "very good to good and good to permissible." The USSL diagram shows that just 23% of the samples for the C1-S1 type were collected during POM. 23% samples align under C2-S1 during PRM and 57% fall under C2-S1 during POM for. It was noted that 67% and 20% of the samples accounted under C3-S1type respectively, for POM and PRM. The C4-S1type is in PRM only, as of 13% of the samples. The irrigation quality of the groundwater samples showed that they were basically suitable for the very same purpose. Fluoride contamination in groundwater has nowadays become a slowly creeping issue in the study area. Steps need to be taken promptly to avert the resulting human health hazard on account of this pollution, in due course of time. Using ArcGIS 10.0, the groundwater quality chart was produced. Using inverse distance weighting, the regional distribution of groundwater quality measurements was interpolated. The findings of this study highlight the significance of creating techniques for managing aquifer systems.