In this work, combustion process of diesel and biofuel blends is studied experimentally in an isothermal oven. Blends with respectively 20%, 40% and 60% of Ethanol (E20, E40, E60), 20%, 40% and 60% of Methanol (M20, M40, M60), and 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of Biodiesel (B20, B40, B60, B80, B100)...

The contribution of integrated municipal solid waste (MSW) management systems to greenhouse gas emissions is not negligible, even though it is moderate compared with other anthropogenic activities. The main emission from landfills that accept biodegradable MSW is methane that escapes from the biogas...

A set of experiments have been carried out in a heavy duty single cylinder engine using high EGR rates and different start of injection angles ( SOI). Three different fuels (conventional diesel fuel, a diesel-ethanol mixture (e-diesel) and a Fischer-Tropsch fuel (GTL)) have been tested in order to...

The aim of this work is to quantify the life-cycle emissions in terms of CO 2 equivalent grams per megajoule of biodiesel produced from Acrocomia totai, a native oily seed from Paraguay, according to Directive 2009/28/EC. The other key point is to calculate the amount of energy invested to get a...

In this paper, the effects of the mixing ratio and particle size of coal were investigated using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). A method of Achar-Brindley-Sharp-Wendworth (ABSW) was applied to a simultaneous calculation of the kinetic parameters (including the apparent activation energy, the...

In order to assess the influence of reducing the speed limit from 50 km h-1 to 30 km h-1 in one-lane streets in local residential areas in large cities, real traffic tests for pollutant emissions and fuel consumption have been carried out in Madrid city centre. Emission concentration and car...

Olive oil mill solid residue (OMSR) is the solid waste generated during olive oil production process in three-phase olive mills. It consists of the remaining pulp of olive processing after the extraction of oil, as well as the cracked seeds of the olive fruits, containing thus mainly lignocellulose...

In the present work, premixed flames from the combustion of producer gas have been analyzed. Two different compositions have been tested, corresponding to air and steam gasification processes (the latter leading to a better quality gas due to its higher CO and H2 concentration and its lower N2...

This study investigates the partition of heavy metals in slag from the rotary kiln (SL), second combustion chamber ashes (SCCA), filter cake (FC) from a bag filter and flue gas (FG) emissions (both in particulate and gas phases) of the Istanbul medical waste incinerator (ISTAC). Eleven targeted...

High strength geopolymers were produced from coal combustion fly ashes. These matrices reached compressive strength values over 100 MPa, much stronger and denser than obtained by using Portland Cement binders. Size fractions were obtained by size separation techniques and the relationship between...

Fly ash is an important industrial by-product that comes from the combustion of coal, for the production of electrical energy. In our country, only a small percentage is used for the construction of technical projects, while the rest is stockpiled, causing serious problems. Because of its great...

The volume mixing ratios of non-methane hydrocarbons including saturated, unsaturated and aromatic ones (C2 to C8 as non methane hydrocarbons, NMHCS) were measured at three distinct sites (natural, rural, urban) in the lower troposphere of the Eastern Mediterranean from February 2006 to March 2007...

The present study is performed with the aim to reduce the levels of polluting emissions from fuel combustion that produce acid rains and the greenhouse effect (NOx, CO2). The electric field effects on the processes of heat/mass transfer and propane combustion are studied in order to perform electric...

The present studies aimed to obtain clean fuel combustion and get detailed information about the processes that determine the electric field effect on NOx formation in flame channel flows. The experimental studies demonstrate that the interaction between the radial electric field and the flame...

The work deals with coal combustion in a pilot-plant fluidised bed (7 cm i.d.) under atmospheric conditions. The aims are to capture and analyse qualitatively as well as quantitatively the volatile polycyclic hydrocarbons emitted by using coal as energy source under various combustion conditions...

Nitrogen oxide (NOx) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) emissions produced by the combustion of fuel in stationary sources, such as power stations, industrial heaters or cogeneration plants, cause significant environmental problems. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a well established process for the...

Environmental, economic and strategic reasons are behind the rapid impulse in the deployment of renewable energy sources that is taking place around the world. In addition to overcoming economic and commercial barriers, meeting the ambitious objectives set by most countries in this field will...

Application of material balance analysis (in one of our previous studies) to natural gas flare in the upstream petroleum operations confirmed the emission of primary air pollutants in form of CO, CO2, NO, and NO2 from “sweet” natural gas while “sour” gas emits SO2 in addition; incomplete combustion...

Owing to its higher efficiency and versatility, gasification is seen as a necessary evolution in the development of biomass energy systems. This technology has been primarily tested in fixed bed (updraft and downdraft) and fluidised bed reaction systems, with less information available about the...

More than 73% of the electrical power requirements of Greece are generated in lignite-fired power plants. Greece is the thirteenth largest coal and the fifth largest lignite producer in the world. The lack of domestic high-rank coals makes necessary to use low quality lignite for power generation in...

Poor landfill gases cannot be used to drive gas engines or be burnt in gas flares. This follows why the combustion flame front velocity for poor gases becomes very low. From this moment the non-flammable poor landfill gases are polluting the environment. An energetical utilisation of very poor...

The EU Directives and legislation by worldwide environmental authorities impose constantly lower levels for the airborne pollutant emissions of internal combustion engines towards the goal of zero emission vehicles. During the last decade, engine manufacturers, refiners and fuel companies invest...

Several epidemiological studies have shown an association between particulate air pollution and health effects. Suspended particulates and more specifically the inhalable PM10 fraction appear to cause respiratory health effects and heart diseases. Furthermore, particulate pollution is of paramount...

Coals contain elements which, although usually found in concentrations lower than 1% (trace elements), can give rise to environmental or technological problems. After gasification most of these elements may occur in gas phase in different proportions. In order to avoid the problems that the presence...