Natural phosphate raw materials contain up to 3.5% of fluorine. In reprocessing natural phosphate raw material 30 - 100 % of fluorine emits into the environment as toxic compounds. The acid is used for decomposing the carbon dioxides that are contained in raw materials. The way and technology of...

Pollutants posing health risks to human health and to the aquatic environment often occur in drinking and surface waters, as a result of disinfection practices, agricultural and industrial activities, wastewater discharges. Toxic pollutants belong to different chemical categories, including...

Laboratory column tests were conducted to study the efficiency of lignite fly ash barriers in removing heavy metal ions, such as Fe, Zn, Mn, Ni, Cd, Co, Al and Cu, present in high concentrations in acidic leachates produced in mining and waste disposal sites. The experimental configuration comprised...

During the production of cephradine (a main constituent of anti-osmotic drug) a large quantity of concentrated effluent was produced. The main polluting compounds in this effluent are osmotic drug, acetic acid and ammonia. The main objectives of the study were to assess the toxicity in terms of...

Fire agencies worldwide apply millions of gallons of fire suppression chemicals on a broad array of ecosystems. These chemicals are considered to have minimal effects on the health of people who might be exposed to them. Only incidents of skin and eye irritation have been reported as a result of...

A main problem related to coal ash disposal is the heavy metal content of the residue. In this regard, experimental results of numerous studies have indicated that toxic trace metals may leach when fly ash and bottom ash contacts with water. In this study, fly ash and bottom ash samples obtained...

Accumulation of airborne pollutants in vegetation is an important initial step in the uptake process of the terrestrial food web, providing direct and indirect routes by which biota and, eventually, humans are exposed to chemicals. A set of algorithms for estimating atmospheric pollutant...

Soil-contamination from toxic explosive residues at military bases throughout the world, is a major environmental concern. A strong candidate for TNT soil-contamination within Greece, is the military base/airport of Maleme in Crete. While soil sampling was in progress new routes of trace analysis...

The toxic effects of the herbicide Atrazine, its degradation products deethyl-atrazine and deisopropylatrazine, and the herbicide metolachlor were examined in unialgal cultures of Chlorella fusca var-fusca. The toxicity of a mixture of atrazine and metolachlor was also evaluated using the same...

The conventional landfilling does not promote sustainable waste management due to uncontrolled emissions which potentially degrade the environment. In this regard, pre-treatment of municipal solid waste prior to landfilling significantly enhance waste stabilization and provides various advantages...

This paper presents a methodology of evaluating management options for dredged sediments on the basis of an array of characterization tests and gives an example application for the sediments of Piraeus port. A conceptual model is proposed to guide selection among three management options. The model...

In this paper, we report the joint use of FTIR spectroscopy and two dimensional correlation analysis (2DCORR) applied to the identification of the aggregation pathways of natural organic matter (i.e. humic substance) extracted from marine sediments and in the second case of study, to the comparison...

Stabilization/solidification (S/S) processes were utilized to immobilize lead (Pb) and tungsten (W) in contaminated soils, the inclusion of W motivated by the use of the new W-based ammunition. Artificially contaminated soils were prepared by mixing either kaolinite or montmorillonite with 10% Pb...

The performance of a biological treatment of a PAH-contaminated soil was evaluated with respect to its physicochemical and ecotoxicological properties. After six months, the biological treatment led to an significant reduction of 2- and 3-ring PAHs and to a lesser extent to 4-ring PAHs. As a...

Nowadays, the scientific community has focused and prioritised research on “emerging pollutants”. The term “emerging pollutants” stands for the substances that are released in the environment for which currently no regulations are established for their environmental monitoring. Their occurrence is...

Arsenic is an ubiquitous and highly toxic metalloid widely distributed in the environment through both natural and anthropogenic pathways (Liu et al., 2004) and its presence in food composites is a matter of concerns to the well being of both humans and animals. In fact, As has been recently found...

Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are highly complex technical mixtures of polychlorinated n-alkanes with carbon-chain lengths from C10-C13 and chlorine content between 49 and 70%. They are produced by chlorination of n-alkanes and do not occur naturally. Because of their physical properties...

Various pollutants (e.g. boron and hexavalent chromium) are introduced into the aquatic environment from a variety of industrial operations causing damages to environment and affecting human health. Boron in irrigation water is of particular interest because it can have beneficial or toxic effect on...

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are being used increasingly to predict water variables. This study offers an alternative approach to quantify the relationship between time of chlorination in potable water (due to convectional treatment procedure) and chlorination by-products concentration...

This paper presents the results of an investigation that aimed to evaluate the efficiency of various inorganic coagulants and organic polymers to combat filamentous foaming and bulking problems, caused by the proliferation of M. parvicella and/or Gordona amarae. The duration of the investigation...

Earthworm avoidance response is a new tool for rapid and efficient screening of potentially toxic substances added to soil environments. This technique was used to determine if five common, ecologically different earthworm species (Allolobophora chlorotica, Aporrectodea longa, Aporrectodea...

Electric Arc Furnace Dust (EAFD) generated through the production of carbon and alloy steel products is classified as environmentally hazardous waste mainly because of its relatively high levels of Pb, Cd and Cr. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of the EAFD addition on the...

The removal of heavy metals from wastewaters is a matter of paramount importance due to the fact that their high toxicity causes major environmental pollution problems. One of the most efficient, applicable and low cost methods for the removal of toxic metals from aqueous solutions is that of their...

Sorption of toxic metal ions (Ni2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+) from Hevea brasiliensis bark carbon (HBBC) was carried out at 30±1 °C under various experimental conditions. Effect of various process parameters has been investigated by following the batch adsorption technique at 30 +1°C. The percentage removal...

The Mn and Pb of the total suspended particulates (TSP) in totally 95 1-h samples and As, Cd, Mn, Ni and Pb in totally 29 24-h samples have been determined by flameless graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The monthly TSP for July 1992 contained Mn and Pb 0.033 and 1.25‰ in downtown...