Water and wastewater treatment and reuse
The amount and properties of the sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants depend on the composition of the wastewater, the type of wastewater treatment used and the disposal method applied to the mud. The sludge that occurs during mechanical, biological and chemical treatment methods must be...
Sustainable Energy
In the domain of solar science, a pyranometer assumes a pivotal position, functioning as an indispensable tool for appraising solar irradiance across the abbreviated wavelengths of the solar spectrum, spanning from 300 to 3000 nanometers. Conventional pyranometers typically employ intricate and...
Water and wastewater treatment and reuse
Depletion of ozone molecules in the stratospheric layer surges the flow of ultraviolet (UV) rays on the surface of the earth. Generally, UV rays are the hazardous energy waves emitted from the sun that can cause acute and chronic effects on bio species. Exposure to UV rays in humans causes skin...
Water and wastewater treatment and reuse
Water, a scarce resource that is necessary for the survival of all life on Earth and also for economic, environmental sustainability, and social progress, is becoming increasingly difficult to come by. Recent research analysis revealed that reflector, absorber, and evaporator were the three distinct...
Environmental data analysis and modelling
The paper attempts to discover a city's global, direct beam, and diffused solar radiation with the help of known solar radiation of its neighbor(s). Two distinctive architecture have been used to find the solar radiation of a city. In the first architecture, we used single input and a single hidden...
Air pollution and health
This study analyses nighttime (7 p.m. to 6 a.m.) light pollution effects on ground-level ozone production in urban and sub-urban sites in Malaysia. In the absence of solar radiation, no photochemical reaction will occur during nighttime, resulting in zero readings of ground-level ozone (O3). O3 and...
Air pollution and health
The present study simulates the flow and temperature fields in a street canyon caused by solar heating of road and building surfaces, in either calm and weak wind conditions. Six scenarios, formed by changing the sources of heat fluxes, the wind speed (0, 1 and 3 m s^-1) and direction (±), are...
Protection and restoration of the environment
Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is an important component in water resources, agricultural and environmental modeling, thus its assessment is critical in understanding the impacts of climate change on the sector of agriculture. In this study, the effect of climate change on reference...
Environmental Sciences
The method of Levenberg-Marquardt learning algorithm was investigated for estimating tropospheric ozone concentration. The Levenberg-Marquardt learning algorithm has 12 input neurons (6 pollutants and 6 meteorological variables), 28 neurons in the hidden layer, and 1 output neuron for the Ozone (O3)...
Air pollution and health
Increased aerosol or haze is the reason that solar radiation decreases, but there is no evidence to support this theory. This research aims to quantitatively analyze the contribution of air pollution to surface solar radiation (SSR) reduction in Beijing. Because there is no long-term serial ground...
Sustainable Energy
The solar evaporative crystallization process at Lake Katwe was studied using brine evaporation rates, thermal, convection, and radiation energy losses as well as reported meteorological data around the salt lake basin. A simulation model of a salt pan was developed on a lumped basis to study its...
Water and wastewater treatment and reuse
Nitrate is a common groundwater pollutant all over the world. In some regions of Iran, its levels are high enough to cause serious problems to human health and the environment . The objectives of this work were to evaluate the efficiency of Fe-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles at removing nitrate from...
Climate change
The present study analyses future climate uncertainty for the 21st century over Tamilnadu state for six weather parameters: solar radiation, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and rainfall. The climate projection data was dynamically downscaled using high...
Recently, the fate of emerging compounds in environmentally relevant samples has attracted considerable attention. Solar semiconductor photocatalysis may offer an appealing methodology to treat such contaminants. At the same time the use of solar photocatalysis for water and wastewater disinfection...
This work is aimed to select the best synthetic polymers available in the market with high transmittance in the TiO 2 activation range that can be coated with the semiconductor and withstand the photocatalytic oxidation conditions. Among eleven commercial organic polymers with different additives...
Hydrology and Water Resources Management
In this paper the influence of key meteorological variables in Penman evaporation method was explored. Monthly data over a 16-years period (1993-2008)were used from Thissio-Athens meteorological station. The climatic parameters of surface air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine...
General
There is no golden rule concerning the optimal equations to estimate reference potential evapotranspiration (PETref) under various climates because even in the same climatic type, different studies have produced mixed results in relation to the performance of the empirical PETref equations...
General
Solar assisted Photo Fenton was compared with advanced oxidation processes for their color and COD removal efficiency and cost effectiveness. H2O2 alone appeared to be inefficient to reduce color and COD content of any effluent. The performance of Fenton process was slightly better, color and COD...
General
The estimation of evapotranspiration is essential in water resources management. Among a group of methods, the Penman–Monteith has been commonly applied to calculate reference evapotranspiration as this method has been also recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the U.N. (FAO)...
General
In this study, the relationship between inhalable particulate (PM10), fine particulate (PM2.5), coarse particles (PM2.5-10) and meteorological parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, wind speed was statistically analyzed and modeled for the urban region of Patras during...
General
Solar saltworks are most efficient converters of solar energy into an inorganic commodity. Conversion rate of solar radiation into removal of water vapour from the brine takes place with 45% efficiency. Solar salt requires only a fraction of man made energy compared with salt produced by solution...
General
The subject of this article is the estimation of quantitative (hydrological) and qualitative parameters in the catchment of Ronnea (1800 Km2, located in south western Sweden) through the application of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). SWAT is a river basin model that was developed for the...
General
The Olympic Rowing and Canoeing Center constructed at Schinias, accommodated the rowing and canoe – kayak sprint competition of the 2004 summer Olympic Games. This paper presents the results of a study which aimed at assessing the water quality characteristics, regarding microbial pollution, of the...
General
Part of the attenuation of the incoming solar radiation by the atmosphere is caused by ozone absorption in the UV and visible portions of the spectrum. Ozone absorption typically accounts for only 2-3 % of the global solar radiation depletion, but it is often 10-20 % of the absorption of the direct...
General
Environmental, economic and strategic reasons are behind the rapid impulse in the deployment of renewable energy sources that is taking place around the world. In addition to overcoming economic and commercial barriers, meeting the ambitious objectives set by most countries in this field will...